The name "Aborigines" 1770 for the first time by the first white discoverers James Cook(born on 27 October 1728 in Marton with Middlesbrough and one died? 14. February 1779 on Hawaii was a British sailor and became discoverer famous it by three travels into the Pacific ocean, on which it discovered numerous islands and further islands vermass)eingefuehrt. All Australian natives have brown to jet black skin color, black hair, a fleeing forehead and very pronounced lips. One estimates that they came to their arrival into approximately 600 trunks with 200 different languages and dialects. They lived on the hunt, fishing and on collecting berries, herbs and hunt the small animals. Firm one huts only rarely built in the south as protection against cold weather, in the north against the violent monsoon rainfalls. Most trunks live halbnomadisch and pull with the seasons within a defined area around, whose size depends on the fertility of the country. Only very few peoples created it - like the Aborigines - over thousands of years to hold the human urge after power and progress in that measure in order to destroy neither culture nor nature. The culture of the Aborigines is very old and mystisch and is still today maintained. However it for it ever more heavily to keep their traditions and ceremonies upright. The past, play in the life of the Aborigines a large role. With it the music is closely connected. Usually it serves them for the company of the various and extensive dances. With the help of these dances they passing on their stories from the dream time, to their children. All dances tell a more or less long history. In addition, singing serves the healing process, the Totenindentitaet or orientation. The natives intended a song for each distance. Also the music states somewhat over their master laws and obligations. There the Aborigines writing does not know is the art one of its most important expression means. For this reason the traditions and the history of the Aborigines were held by painting. As underground for the painting serve wood, crust, rock, in addition, cave walls. Before the arrival of the white ones the Aboriginal People accomplished consistent birth control, in order to keep the total population stable. This are based primarily on sexual taboos to carry abortions and child kindstoetungen and thereby justified that it was not possible for the Nomadenvoelker, for more than one infant per adult person with itself the traditions of the Aborigines refer to on the fact that they always already lived since their existence in Australia. It is assumed that they emigrated from Asia and finally before 60 to 40 thousand years to Australia came. This acceptance is proven by the fact that the sea level was relatively low at this time and thus between the asiatic and the Australian continent an almost going through land bridge existed. Due to a sea level rise this communications were flooded later. Tasmanien became before approximately 8'000 years likewise by the rise of the sea level of the Australian mainland separation those number of the Aborigines in Australia amounted to end 18. Century for instance 300'000. By murders and epidemic diseases it became clearly less in the process of the years. Finally there was end 19. Century only for instance 75'000. Today live approx.. 170'000 Aborigines in Australia. They had already for a long time before the white man the country discovered, their own culture and develops languages. Their life was adapted outstanding to the requirements of the country, their social order was developed well and its abilities and nature knowledge astonishes still today. Effects of settling by the white ones on the Urbevoelkerung were that 1836 all landrechte by the British colonial administration were agreed upon. Australia was regarded as no man's land and the white ones was not itself not over the fact in the clear one that the natives the country organized and purposefully use through lost driving out of their territories the Aborigines not only its bases of life, but also its social co-operation. They were partly even hunted, poisoned and shot by the white settlers. The Aboriginal People received only the right to vote in Australia to 1961. Only into the 1980er years the racial segregation in the schools was waived. 1993 fought for the organizations the native People OF Australia with the Mabo law an important legal achievement. Today the Aboriginal People lives a compromise between its traditional and the western life-style. About half of the Urbevoelkerung lives in the proximity of cities and must adapt therefore up to a certain degree. Still fight they against alcohol and drug abuse, bad medical supply and very high unemployment.
